Operating result

Special items recognized in operating profit relating to the diesel issue amounted to €−3.2 (−3.2) billion in fiscal year 2018 and were mainly attributable to the legally final administrative fine orders imposed by the public prosecutor’s office in Braunschweig against Volkswagen AG (€1.0 billion) and by the Munich II public prosecutor’s office against AUDI AG (€0.8 billion), higher legal risks and legal defense costs, as well as higher expenses for technical measures.

The diesel issue led to total special items of €−29.0 billion in the years 2015 to 2018.